Специалисты Морского института Великобритании активно участвуют в подготовке к вступлению в силу Полярного кодекса. В частности, в разработке изменений в ПДНВ относительно обучения, сертификации, переаттестации и мер на переходный период к работе плавсостава в полярных водах по новым правилам. Рекомендованные изменения в ПДНВ должны быть корректно сформулированы и внесены в подходящие разделы этой Конвенции. Так, в Рабочей группе прошла серьезная дискуссия по формулировке, в которой следовало отразить требования к опыту работы моряка, необходимому для сертификации. Был найден консенсус в следующей формуле: “опыт работы в полярных или иных признанных аналогичными водах”. Для переаттестации был утвержден срок продолжительностью в пять лет. Также были утверждены минимальные требования к подготовке и обучению для получения базового и расширенного сертификатов. Переходный период к новым правилам предполагается продолжительностью в два года после вступления в силу Полярного кодекса.
The Nautical Institute played a major role in drafting the manning and training requirements for the new Polar Code. Our specialist delegate reports on the results from the most recent Working Group.
The Working Croup convened to consider two items: amendments to STCW relative to training, certification, revalidation and transitional arrangements for officers and crew onboard ships operating in Polar waters; and to develop draft revised guidelines for model course development, updating and validation.
Over two days of discussions, the Working Group was able to successfully complete all items. The working days were long – the first terminating at 2100 the second at 1900 – but did not approach the record for previous sessions, which ran till past midnight on one occasion!
Polar Code
During the discussion, The Nautical Institute ensured that requirements reflected the practicality and reality of actual polar waters operations through numerous interventions and suggestions for appropriate wording. We maintained that experience in ice was crucial to development of acceptable competency in polar operations, but there was insufficient support from flag states, and concerted push back from some non-governmental organisations against the need to maintain ice experience in the requirements. Given the experience gained over the past four years of research in the Institute’s Ice Navigator Project, our input was invaluable in setting realistic IMO Polar requirements. Specifically, a number of interventions relative to sea time requirements, revalidation and minimum standards of training were accepted.
By the end of day one the Working Group had agreed to proposed wording for draft amendments to chapter V STCW including sea service requirements, revalidation, transitional provisions and minimum standards of training for Masters and deck watchkeeping officers onboard ships operating in Polar waters, based on IMO documents HTV2/9 (United States) and HTV 2/9/1 (China). Initial discussions focused on ensuring that recommended STCW’ amendments w ere correctly worded and referred to the most appropriate sections of the Convention.
Sea service requirement
Though discussion during Plenary indicated a preference for identifying requirements based on experience ‘in ice-covered waters’, the term was not agreeable to all participants, as it was not considered ‘sufficiently defined’. The Nautical Institute suggested simply using the phrase ‘in ice’. This was accepted for a number of other specific items in the training standard discussed later in the day. However, many participants were adamant that to include ‘ice’ in the requirements would mean it would be difficult to prove or achieve service under these conditions. Canada and The Nautical Institute did not agree, but were in the minority and any reference to ‘in ice’ experience was deleted.
The secondary discussion of sea service focused 011 whether a geographic requirement should be included. In order to come to consensus, Flag states such as Canada and Russia as w ell as The Nautical Institute relented 011 the requirement that experience should be in polar waters only, and agreed to allow for experience gained in other areas such as the Baltic and north eastern North America areas subjected to sea ice coverage. Sea service requirements would be based then on experience in polar waters or other approved equivalent waters.
The Basic Certificate of Proficiency for Officers Onboard Ships Operating in Polar Waters or Basic Certificate of Proficiency for Polar Waters will be issued to Deck Officers after successful completion of an approved basic course and proof of meeting the standard of competence specified in section A-V/4 of STCW. No sea service is required to obtain the Basic Certificate of Proficiency for Polar Waters.
lo obtain the Advanced level certificate, a Master or deck officer must:
- have completed approved advanced training;
- meet the standards of competence specified in section A-V/4 of STCW;
- have obtained at least two months approved seagoing service in the deck department at management level or while watchkeeping in an operational level within polar waters or approved equivalent seagoing service.
Administrations or other entities shall ensure that a Certificate of Proficiency is issued to Deck Officers and Masters that have successfully met the requirements.
Revalidation
It was agreed that revalidation requirements are necessary to ensure currency of skills and competencies. Hi is need would be covered under STCW Regulation 1/11 and would follow five year cycle of revalidation consistent with other STCW’ revalidation requirements. The Nautical Institute would have preferred more precise requirements for proof of activity during the five years between validation, but was unable to get majority consensus for this.
Minimum standards of training
Draft Knowledge, Understanding and Proficiency (KUP) tables for both basic and advanced training were completed. These tables will form the basis for course development in the future. The basic level primarily concentrates on theory necessary for any deck officer watchkeeping in polar regions. Upon successful completion of this course and proof of competency a Basic Certificate of Proficiency for Polar Waters will be issued. (NB: The KUP tables include only those items specific to operating ships in polar waters.)
The basic course covers the following competencies:
- Contribute to safe operations of vessels operating in polar waters.
- Monitor and ensure compliance with legislative requirements.
- Apply safe working practices, respond to emergencies.
- Ensure compliance with pollution prevention requirements and prevent environmental hazards. The competencies covered under the advanced courses include:
- Plan and conduct a voyage in polar waters.
- Manage the safe operation of vessels operating in polar waters.
- Maintain safety of the ship’s crew and passengers and the operational condition of life-saving, firefighting and other safety systems.
The advanced level course is intended for Masters, senior officers and ice navigators responsible for senior level decision-making and management onboard ships operating in polar waters. Upon proof of the required sea service and successful completion of the course and proof of competency, an Advanced Certificate of Proficiency in Polar Waters will be issued.
Transitional requirements
In order to meet the needs of those presently acting in the capacity covered by the Polar Code training requirements, transitional requirements were agreed. These are available until two years after the Polar Code enters into force.
To obtain a Basic Certificate of Proficiency, a seafarer with a current STCW certificate of competency must have completed three months of sea service in polar waters or approved equivalent seagoing service over the past five years, or have attended a training course meeting training guidance provided in Section B-V/g of STCW.
To obtain an Advanced Certificate of Proficiency, a senior deck officer or Master with current STCW certificate of competency:
- Must have commenced approved sea service in polar waters prior to the date when the Polar Code enters into force.
- Must have completed at least three months sea service at management level within the previous five years in polar waters or approved equivalent; or have attended a training course and completed two months sea service in polar waters or approved equivalent seagoing service.
Автор:
Captain David (Duke) Snider fni
Senior Vice President, The Nautical Institute
Источник: Seaways. – 2015. – April. – P. 22 – 23.